Muscle Force Estimation and Fatigue Detection Based on sEMG Signals

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Different responses of soil fungal and bacterial communities to nitrogen addition in a forest grassland ecotone

IntroductionContinuous nitrogen deposition increases the nitrogen content of terrestrial ecosystem and affects the geochemical cycle of soil nitrogen. Forest-grassland ecotone is the interface area of forest and grassland and is sensitive to global climate change. However, the structure composition and diversity of soil microbial communities and their relationship with soil environmental factors at increasing nitrogen deposition have not been sufficiently studied in forest-grassland ecotone.MethodsIn this study, experiments were carried out with four nitrogen addition treatments (0 kgN·hm−2·a−1, 10 kgN·hm−2·a−1, 20 kgN·hm−2·a−1 and 40 kgN·hm−2·a−1) to simulate nitrogen deposition in a forest-grassland ecotone in northwest Liaoning Province, China. High-throughput sequencing and qPCR technologies were used to analyze the composition, structure, and diversity characteristics of the soil microbial communities under different levels of nitrogen addition.Results and discussionThe results showed that soil pH decreased significantly at increasing nitrogen concentrations, and the total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen contents first increased and then decreased, which were significantly higher in the N10 treatment than in other treatments (N:0.32 ~ 0.48 g/kg; NH4+-N: 11.54 ~ 13 mg/kg). With the increase in nitrogen concentration, the net nitrogen mineralization, nitrification, and ammoniation rates decreased. The addition of nitrogen had no significant effect on the diversity and structure of the fungal community, while the diversity of the bacterial community decreased significantly at increasing nitrogen concentrations. Ascomycetes and Actinomycetes were the dominant fungal and bacterial phyla, respectively. The relative abundance of Ascomycetes was negatively correlated with total nitrogen content, while that of Actinomycetes was positively correlated with soil pH. The fungal community diversity was significantly negatively correlated with nitrate nitrogen, while the diversity of the bacterial community was significantly positively correlated with soil pH. No significant differences in the abundance of functional genes related to soil nitrogen transformations under the different treatments were observed. Overall, the distribution pattern and driving factors were different in soil microbial communities in a forest-grassland ecotone in northwest Liaoning. Our study enriches research content related to factors that affect the forest-grassland ecotone

Application status and research progress of shale reservoirs acid treatment technology

In recent years, shale oil and gas development has been thriving in China. However, the shale oil and gas production always suffers a rapid decline. Based on the analysis of a large amount of former theories and experiences, a summary of acid treatment stimulation methods in shale oil and gas is presented, and the acid stimulation mechanism is analyzed. The mainstream technique in acid treatments includes: acid wash, matrix acidizing, prop fracturing with acid preflush, and multi-stage alternate-inject acid fracturing. The main stimulation mechanism of acid treatment can be summarized into 3 categories: a) the influence on shale matrix, namely the acid-induced increase of porosity and permeability, and reduce of wetting property of shale; b) the influence on rock mechanical properties, namely shale brittleness and toughness, and even Young Modulus to some degree; c) the influence on fractures' conductivity, caused by the fact that acid dissolves calcite-enrichment area in priority, and then increases roughness on fracture surface. In room temperature and atmospheric pressure, acid reduces fractures' conductivity, while in pressurized condition, the acid-soaked fractures' conductivity is higher than the conductivity of non-acid-soaked fractures. These knowledges would provide useful reference for furthering stimulation techniques and processes in shale oil and gas development

A Lightweight Pest Detection Model for Drones Based on Transformer and Super-Resolution Sampling Techniques

With the widespread application of drone technology, the demand for pest detection and identification from low-resolution and noisy images captured with drones has been steadily increasing. In this study, a lightweight pest identification model based on Transformer and super-resolution sampling techniques is introduced, aiming to enhance identification accuracy under challenging conditions. The Transformer model was found to effectively capture spatial dependencies in images, while the super-resolution sampling technique was employed to restore image details for subsequent identification processes. The experimental results demonstrated that this approach exhibited significant advantages across various pest image datasets, achieving Precision, Recall, mAP, and FPS scores of 0.97, 0.95, 0.95, and 57, respectively. Especially in the presence of low resolution and noise, this method was capable of performing pest identification with high accuracy. Furthermore, an adaptive optimizer was incorporated to enhance model convergence and performance. Overall, this study offers an efficient and accurate method for pest detection and identification in practical applications, holding significant practical value

LINC01936 inhibits the proliferation and metastasis of lung squamous cell carcinoma probably by EMT signaling and immune infiltration

Purpose To discover the biological function and potential mechanism of LINC01936 in the development of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). Methods Transcriptome data of LUSC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were used to analyze the differentially expressed lncRNAs in LUSC and normal tissues by R “DEseq2”, “edgeR” and “limma” packages. The subcellular localization of LINC01936 was predicted by lncLocator. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by CCK-8, MTT assay and Hoechst fluorescence staining. The migration and invasion were detected by Transwell assay. The function and pathway enrichment analysis were performed by Gene Ontology (GO) terms, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and gene set variation analysis (GSVA). The downstream targets of LINC01936 were predicted using RNA-Protein Interaction Prediction (RPISeq) program. The effect of LINC01936 on tumor immune infiltration was analyzed using Pearson Correlation Analysis using R “ggpubr” package. Results Based on the gene expression data of LUSC from TCGA database, 1,603, 1,702 and 529 upregulated and 536, 436 and 630 downregulated lncRNAs were obtained by DEseq2, edgeR and limma programs, respectively. For GSE88862 dataset, we acquired 341 differentially expressed lncRNAs (206 upregulated and 135 downregulated). Venn plot for the intersection of above differential expressed lncRNAs showed that there were 29 upregulated and 23 downregulated genes. LINC01936 was one of downregulated lncRNAs in LUSC tissues. The biological analysis showed that the overexpression of LINC01936 significantly reduced proliferation, migration and invasion of LUSC cells, and promoted cell apoptosis. The knockdown of LINC01936 promoted cell proliferation and metastasis. Pathway and GSVA analysis indicated that LINC01936 might participated in DNA repair, complement, cell adhesion and EMT, etc. LINC01936 was predicted to interact with TCF21, AOC3, RASL12, MEOX2 or HSPB7, which are involved in EMT and PI3K-AKT-MTOR pathway, etc. The expression of LINC01936 was also positively correlated with the infiltrating immune cells in LUSC. Conclusions LINC01936 is downregulated in LUSC. LINC01936 affected proliferation, migration and invasion of LUSC cells probably by EMT and immune infiltration, which might serve as a new target for the treatment of LUSC

Optimal investment strategy on advertisement in duopoly

In this paper, we will investigate a duopoly competition issue in a commencing period of horizontal expansion. This is an important problem in marketing investment for new products in free market. First, we propose a new market model characterized by nonlinear differential-algebraic equations with continuous inequality constraints, which aims to maximize an enterprise’s product market share rather than its profit in the commencing period in an environment of the duopoly market. In order to solve the investment problem numerically based on proposed model, the control parameterization technique together with the constraint transcription method is used by transforming the proposed problem into a sequence of optimal parameter selection problems. Finally, a practical example on beer sales is used to show the effectiveness of proposed model and we present the optimal advertising strategies corresponding to different competition situations